The purpose of the Telluride Science Research Center (TSRC)'s workshop on battery materials is to bring together top scientists from academia, industry, and government to encourage the discussion of ideas and unpublished results at the frontier of this exciting field. This workshop will focus on understanding the function of materials in current and future battery technologies. The emphasis will be on fundamental studies of structure and function and the integration of theory and experiment. Increasingly, this area has become more interdisciplinary, involving researchers from a wide array of scientific disciplines, which at times have struggled to link experiment to theory. The ability to address the fundamental questions related to advanced electrochemical energy storage concepts relies critically on the development and application of novel experimental tools with increased spatial and temporal resolution, sensitivity, selectivity, and specificity to elucidate complex mechanistic aspects. In concert, new theoretical methods are needed to obtain the fundamental understanding of electron and charge transfer processes and mechanisms by which ions interact with electrode materials and the nature of interfacial phenomena. The unique format of this conference is designed to maximize productive interaction and discussion between these interdisciplinary groups.